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The ranking of the world's best places to do business produced by the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) analysis center brings changes to Argentina, which enters a new category, and Chile, which recorded a significant decline.
The EIU global list includes countries that offer the most favorable conditions for large investors to decide to move their capital to those regions.
These conditions include macroeconomic stability, political situation, market opportunities, trade restrictions or tax system.
“We are projecting what could happen within the next five years,” said Nicolas Saltias, EIU's senior economist for Latin America, in a conversation with BBC Mundo.
For this, they analyze 91 indicators divided into 11 categories to help prepare the future x-ray of the 82 countries that appear in the list.
“We analyze issues such as the risk of political instability and the changes it may cause in the business environment,” he explains.
Therefore, according to the EIU, Singapore, Denmark and USA They will be the countries with the best environment to attract capital in the coming yearsGermany and Switzerland followed.
Rounding out the top 10 are Canada, Sweden, New Zealand, Hong Kong and Finland.
A victory for Singapore
Why is Singapore at the top of the list? The small Southeast Asian country of less than six million people remains A paradise for big investors Because of its high level of trade transparency, technological upgrading, political stability and low level of corruption.
The country has actively encouraged foreign direct investment, lowering taxes and removing trade barriers, particularly in the technology, manufacturing and financial services sectors.
In addition Granting concessions to companies established in the country, It has invested in the construction of ports, airports, roads and public transport networks to encourage business activity.
Singapore, which has become a maritime transport hub, has a skilled workforce that acts as a magnet for large capital.
Argentina, a context of transformation
Along with a list of the best places to invest in the world, there's another one that includes countries that will favor private investments in the coming years, regardless of their position in the rankings.
Topping the list are Greece (ranked 34th globally), Argentina (54th), India (51st), Angola (78th) and Qatar (26th).
The arrival of right-wing Javier Millay as president of Argentina has made the country second only to Greece with the greatest potential to support private investment over the next five years.
“We think the government is going to undo a lot of interventionist policies that are detrimental to doing business,” Saltias explains.
That includes liberalizing trade, lifting currency controls and encouraging foreign investment, particularly in the mining and energy sectors.
Another important issue taken into account by the EIU is that Mili's government is also freeing itself from price controls, a key element in the South American country's economic reorientation.
Still, Argentina's government is beginning to implement those reforms and has faced difficulties in Congress and with unions.
“He still has a lot to improve on.”Economist says.
Another country that improved its performance in the rankings was the Dominican Republic.
Considered one of the most politically stable countries in Latin America, according to Saltias, it has a path of continued economic growth.
Opportunities to enter the Dominican market are limited because it is a small economy, but “they continue to grow,” the expert says.
Chile's steep drop in rankings
Chile continues to be the best-performing Latin American country in the EIU rankings.
However, he registered A significant drop of eight places from 22nd to 30th in the world rankings.
“The current government of Gabriel Boric has promoted Policies that are not business friendly” says Saltias.
He cites the case of lithium as an example, where the government has instituted a policy that forces companies that want to invest in the sector to partner with the government.
Other measures the EIU has downgraded include the government's “more restrictive” labor laws, which include raising the minimum wage or reducing working hours.
In the mining sector too, there are restrictions on foreign investors, says an economist.
Politically, Saltias says Chile has changed An increasingly polarized country, creating greater instability. And another factor affecting investment opportunities in Chile is that the country faces a security challenge due to rising crime rates.
“There are kidnappings, there are organized crime groups that challenge the concept of security in the country,” says the economist.
Despite these problems plaguing the country, Chile was rated very well by the EIU in categories like Taxes, level of competition, financial market development or infrastructure.
Other strengths highlighted by the analyst include the independence of the central bank, the strength of institutions, the functioning of the judiciary, low levels of corruption and policies aimed at macroeconomic stability beyond the government in power.
Another factor that influences the country's rating is that it has a very clear investment pattern.
A new element in the EIU analysis is that while Chile's population is aging, the country is contributing to a high level of foreign migration. Younger employees with different educational levels.
It is the second Latin American country to appear in the EIU rankings Mexico (45th in the world) and third place Costa Rica (at 47).
Last place on the list in Latin America – and worldwide – is occupied by Venezuela.
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